Last modified: 2024-07-30
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by early-onset deficits in communication and interpersonal interactions. This study aimed to investigate the effects of sitagliptin in a murine model induced by sodium valproate (VPA) and assess its impact on ASD-like behaviors. The study employed an open field test to evaluate locomotor activity and anxiety levels. Additionally, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of sitagliptin were examined by measuring reduced glutathione, malondialdehyde, and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels. Prenatal VPA-exposed mice were divided into four groups, including those receiving sitagliptin and risperidone treatments, along with a saline control group. Behavioral assessments, including open field tests, were conducted on postnatal day 65, while oxidative stress and anti-inflammatory responses were assessed on postnatal day 66.
Results indicated that sitagliptin significantly reduced oxidative stress and neuro-inflammation in the brain, leading to notable improvements in aberrant behavioral patterns. Sitagliptin demonstrated strong anxiolytic efficacy, alleviating ASD-associated symptoms such as anxiety, fearfulness, and hyperactivity in the open field test. Moreover, sitagliptin exhibited robust antioxidant capabilities, surpassing risperidone in scavenging free radicals and suppressing inflammation. Notably, the dose of 10 mg/kg of sitagliptin showed significant antioxidant effects on lipid peroxidation compared to risperidone.
These findings underscore the potential promise of sitagliptin as a therapeutic intervention for individuals with ASD. Its ability to alleviate oxidative stress, neuro-inflammation, and behavioral abnormalities, along with its strong anxiolytic and antioxidant properties, positions sitagliptin as a compelling candidate for further exploration in the quest for effective ASD treatments.
Keywords; Autism, Open field test, Risperidone, Sitagliptin